SIMPLE PRESENT | SIMPLE PAST
Simple Present
Empecemos con un ejemplo para que sea mas fácil de entender…
ACTIVE VOICE
Max cleans the room every day.
En este ejemplo, nos centramos en el "ejecutante" de la acción (Max) y el "objeto" de la acción es "the room".
Si queremos enfocarnos en el objeto de esa acción y no en el ejecutante, utilizamos la Voz Pasiva (Passive Voice).
PASSIVE VOICE
The room is cleaned every day by Max.
Recuerda que el ejecutante de la acción no es importante pero si quieres nombrarlo, utiliza la preposición "-by". El sustantivo que sigue a -by se llama "el agente".
Examples
Active - She opens the door.
Passive - The door is opened.
British
American
Active - Tim walks the dog.
Passive - The dog is walked by Tim.
British
American
Active - We eat pizza every Friday.
Passive - Pizza is eaten every Friday.
Structure
Subject + be (is - are - am) + Past Participle (regular/irregular) + rest of the sentence.
Recuerda que la forma del "Verbo to be" depende del sujeto. El pasado Participio (Past Participle) a menudo termina en "-ed", pero también hay "irregular verbs" (tienes que consultar la Lista de verbos irregulares).
Ten en cuenta que los verbos siempre se conjugan en Past Participle cuando utilizamos la voz pasiva. Si deseas nombrar al agente de la acción, utiliza "-by".
Si quieres hacer oraciones negativas, simplemente utiliza la forma negativa del "Verbo To Be" (isn't - aren't - am not)
En caso de que desee utilizar oraciones interrogativas, recuerde que el "Verbo To Be" va antes del sujeto. El Verbo principal siempre se conjuga en Past Participle.
Simple Past
Seguimos las mismas reglas que en la Voz Pasiva en Presente Simple pero debemos usar la forma pasada del "Verbo To Be".
Structure
Subject + was/were + Past Participle (regular/irregular) + rest of the sentence.
Recuerda que el uso de "was" y "were" depende del sujeto. Para hacer oraciones negativas, simplemente use la forma negativa del "Verbo To Be" en "Simple Past", "wasn't" o "weren't".
En la forma interrogativa, recuerda que el "Verbo To Be" va antes del sujeto. El verbo principal siempre se conjuga en Past Participle.
Examples
Active - I didn't buy the bike.
Passive - The bike wasn't bought.
British
American
Active - My sister broke the doll.
Passive - The doll was broken by my sister.
British
American
Active - That car crashed into the store.
Passive - The store was crashed by that car.
Active - Did you wash the dishes?
Passive - Were the dishes washed?
INFINITIVE | PERFECT INFINITIVE
Infinitive
"The Infinitive Passive Voice" se utiliza después de los "Modal Verbs" y otros verbos generalmente seguidos de un infinitivo . Nos referimos a palabras como "must", "can", "could", "will", "going to", "have to", "want to", "may", "might", "expect to", "should", "would", etc.
En la Voz Pasiva, después de este tipo de palabras, debes usar "be" y el "Past Participle" del verbo principal. El Pasado Participio a menudo termina en "-ed", pero también hay "Irregular Verbs" (tienes que consultar la Lista de verbos irregulares).
Recuerda que el ejecutante de la acción no es importante pero si quieres nombrarlo, utiliza la preposición "-by". El sustantivo que sigue a -by se llama "el agente".
Structure
(to) be + Past Participle form of the Verb + the rest of the sentence.
Examples
Active - They are going to build a new mall.
Passive - A new mall is going to be built.
British
American
Active - People should study Science.
Passive - Science should be studied.
British
American
Active - The team can play football today.
Passive - Football can be played today.
Perfect Infinitive
Seguimos las mismas reglas que en el Infinitivo mencionado anteriormente pero debemos usar "have been" y el "Past Participle" del Verbo principal.
Structure
(to) have been + Past Participle form of the Verb + the rest of the sentence.
Examples
Active - They should have prepared dinner.
Passive - Dinner should have been prepared.
British
American
Active - I would have closed the door.
Passive - The door would have been closed.
British
American
Active - They seem to have solved their problems.
Passive - Their problems seem to have been solved.
PRESENT PERFECT | PAST PERFECT
Present Perfect
Empecemos con un ejemplo para que sea mas fácil de entender…
ACTIVE VOICE
Somebody has painted the wall.
En este ejemplo, el ejecutante de la acción no es importante (somebody) y el "objeto" de la acción es "the wall".PASSIVE VOICE
Si queremos enfocarnos en el objeto de esa acción y no en el ejecutante, utilizamos la Voz Pasiva (Passive Voice)
The wall has been painted.
Recuerda que el ejecutante de la acción no es importante pero si quieres nombrarlo, utiliza la preposición "-by".
Structure
Subject + have/has been + Past Participle form of the Verb + the rest of the sentence.
Recuerda que el uso de "have" o "has" depende del sujeto. El Participio Pasado a menudo termina en "-ed", pero también hay "Irregular Verbs" (tienes que consultar la Lista de Verbos Irregulares).
Si desea hacer oraciones negativas, simplemente use "haven't" o "hasn't". Para hacer oraciones interrogativas, ten en cuenta que "have" y "has" van antes que el sujeto. El verbo principal siempre se conjuga en "Past Participle".
Examples
Active - He has cleaned the windows.
Passive - The windows have been cleaned.
British
American
Active - I haven't finished my homework yet.
Passive - My homework hasn't been finished yet.
British
American
Active - Have you ever visited Egypt?
Passive - Has Egypt ever been visited by you?
Past Perfect
Seguimos las mismas reglas que en Passive Voice en Present Perfect pero debemos usar "had".
Structure
Subject + had been + past participle form of the verb + the rest of the sentence.
Si quieres hacer oraciones negativas, utiliza "hadn't". El resto de la oración permanece igual. Para hacer oraciones interrogativas, recuerde que "had" va antes del sujeto. El verbo principal siempre se conjuga en "Past Participle".
Examples
Active - Someone had cooked the vegetables too long.
Passive - The vegetables had been cooked too long.
British
American
Active - They hadn't used that car for ages.
Passive - The car hadn't been used for ages.
British
American
Active - Had Rick played tennis before?
Passive - Had tennis been played by Rick before?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS | PAST CONTINUOUS
Present Continuous
Empecemos con un ejemplo para que sea mas fácil de entender…
ACTIVE VOICE
Somebody is cleaning the room.
En este ejemplo, el ejecutante de la acción no es importante (somebody) y el "objeto" de la acción es "the room".
PASSIVE VOICE
Si queremos enfocarnos en el objeto de esa acción y no en el ejecutante, utilizamos la Voz Pasiva (Passive Voice)
The room is being cleaned.
Recuerda que el ejecutante de la acción no es importante pero si quieres nombrarlo, utiliza la preposición "-by".
Structure
Subject + be (is-are-am) + being + Past Participle form of the Verb + the rest of the sentence.
Ten en cuenta que el uso del "Verbo To Be" (is-are-am) depende del sujeto. Si quieres hacer oraciones negativas, utiliza la forma negativa del "Verbo To Be (isn't - aren't- am not).
Para hacer oraciones interrogativas, recuerde que el "Verbo To Be" va antes del sujeto. El resto de la estructura permanece igual y el verbo principal de la oración siempre se conjuga en "Past Participle".
Examples
Active - The kids are making pizza.
Passive - Pizza is being made by the kids.
British
American
Active - They aren't painting the room.
Passive - The room isn't being painted.
British
American
Active - Our dog is eating the bone right now
Passive - The bone is being eaten by our dog right now.
Active - Is he building a new house?
Passive - Is a new house being built?
Past Continuous
Seguimos las mismas reglas que en la Voz Pasiva en Presente Continuo pero debemos usar la forma pasada del "Verbo To Be".
Structure
Subject + be (was - were) + being + Past Participle form of the Verb + the rest of the sentence.
Recuerda que el uso de "was" y "were" depende del sujeto. Si quieres hacer oraciones negativas, utiliza la forma negativa del "Verbo To Be" en Pasado Simple (wasn't o weren't). Para hacer oraciones interrogativas, recuerde que el "Verbo To Be" va antes del sujeto.
El resto de la estructura permanece igual y el verbo principal de la oración siempre se conjuga en "Past Participle".
Examples
Active - They were following the route.
Passive - The route was being followed.
British
American
Active - The girl wasn't listening to music.
Passive - Music wasn't being listened to by the girl.
British
American
Active - Were the kids watching TV when you arrived?
Passive - Was TV being watched by the kids when you arrived?
TWO OBJECTS | MORE INTERESTING FACTS
Verbs With Two Objects | (Verbos con dos objetos).
Algunos verbos como "give", "ask", "offer", "pay", "show", "teach", "promise" y "tell" pueden tener dos objetos, por ejemplo…
Active - My father gave me this book.
En este ejemplo, hay dos objetos, "me" y "the book" por lo que es posible hacer dos oraciones en Passive Voice pero ten en cuenta que generalmente comenzamos con la persona.
Passive - I was given this book by my father.
Passive - This book was given to me by my father.
Examples
Active - Someone promised me a new job.
Passive - I was promised a new job.
Passive - A new job was promised to me.
Active - They will give Bob plenty of time.
Passive - Bob will be given plenty of time.
Passive - Plenty of time will be given to Bob.
I Don't Like Being…
La forma Pasiva de verbos como "doing", "seeing", "taking", "keeping", etc. es " being done", "being seen", "being taken", "being kept", etc.
Examples
Active - I remember my mum taking me to the zoo.
Passive - I remember being taken to the zoo by my mum.
Active - We left the room without anybody seeing us.
Passive - We left the room without being seen.
Active - I don't like people telling me what to do.
Passive - I don't like being told what to do.
Get
Puede usar "get" para la voz pasiva, por ejemplo...
Nobody got hurt in the accident.
Nobody was hurt in the accident.
Puedes usar "get" solo cuando suceden cosas y no en oraciones como estas...
Very little was known about Kim (not got known).
Pizza is liked by everybody (not gets liked).
Generalmente utilizamos "get" cuando hablamos de manera informal.
Examples
I got my hair cut.
I am having my house painted.
My brother had his car stolen yesterday.
1 We use the Passive Voice when we want to focus on the object of the action.
2 To say who or what performs the action in the Passive Voice, we use…
3 Max is fixing his car.
4 The book was written many years ago.
5 I bought a bike last week.
Choose the Passive Voice:
6 Pam has studied Maths today.
Choose the Passive Voice:
7 The main verb is always in the Past Participle form when we use the Passive Voice.
8 The "agent" is the subject of the sentence in the Passive Voice.
9 They are following us.
10 We are being followed.
11 The room has been cleaned.
Choose the Active Voice:
12 How is this word used?
Choose the Active Voice:
13 Some verbs can have two objects.
14 Something must be done.
15 She doesn't play the piano.
Choose the Passive Voice:
